Disfluencies are very common in speech. Among these, fillers are elements that are inserted in speech when the speaker searches for a word (among other more marginal functions). Various examples of fillers are the French euh, English y’know and Spanish este. Among fillers, placeholders like Fr. truc or Eg. whatchamacallit are special in that they are lexical substitutes for the delayed constituent and can vary morphologically. This introduction will first present the different types of fillers and then focus on the typology of placeholders. It will discuss the relation of placeholders to parts of speech, morphology, syntax, speech, and their diachrony. It will be mainly based on the following paper:
Podlesskaya, Vera. 2010. “Parameters for Typological Variation of Placeholders.” In Fillers, Pauses and Placeholders, edited by Nino Amiridze, B. H. Davis, and M. Maclagan, 11–32. TSL 93. Amsterdam: Benjamins.