Natacha Chevrier : « Nasality in Bribri (Chibchan, Costa Rica) »
Bribri is a Chibchan language spoken in Costa Rica, with three dialects (Coroma, Amubre, Salitre). In this talk, I will present the hypothesis that Bribri used to be (and may still be for some dialects) a language without any phonemic nasal consonant (a common characteristic in Central and South America (Cohn 1993: 152-156; Peng 2000; Storto & Demolin 2012: 347-348)), but that such consonants have actually been progressively introduced in the phonology. This analysis is based on Constenla’s work (1981, 1982, 1985) and my own recent fieldwork on Amubre and Coroma. My claim is that Constenla’s description (I), my data from Amubre (II) and from Coroma (III) reflect three different stages of the evolution of Bribri. The emergence of nasal consonants from nasal vowels is the reverse of the well known process which occurred in well described languages like French or Portuguese (Sampson 1999). It is on the contrary similar to what happened in many other Chibchan languages which attest only nasal consonants while the protolanguage attested only nasal vowels (Constenla 1981, 2012).
References
Cohn Abigail, 1993, “A survey of the phonology of the feature nasal”, Working Papers of the Cornell Phonetics Laboratory 8, pp. 141-203.
Constenla U. Adolfo, 1981, Comparative Chibchan Phonology, University of Pennsylvania: PhD thesis: Linguistics. — 1982, “La nasalización en relación con el tono y la intensidad en bribri”, Revista de Filologia y Lingüistica de la UCR 8 (1&2), pp. 109-112. — 1985, “Prosodic Nasality in Bribri (Chibchan) and Universals of Nasality”, International Journal of American Linguistics 51 (4), pp. 374-376. — 2012, “Chibchan languages”, in Campbell Lyle & Veronica Grondona (eds), The Indigenous Languages of South America: A comprehensive guide, The world of Linguistics Vol 2, Berlin, Boston: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 391-439.
Peng Long, 2000, “Nasal Harmony in Three South American Languages”, International Journal of American Linguistics 66 (1), pp. 76-97.
Sampson Rodney, 1999, Nasal Vowel Evolution in Romance, Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Storto Luciana & Demolin Didier, 2012, “The Phonetics and Phonology of South American Languages”, in Campbell Lyle & Veronica Grondona (eds), The Indigenous Languages of South America: A comprehensive guide, The world of Linguistics Vol 2, Berlin, Boston: Mouton de Gruyter, pp. 331-390.
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