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mar. 02/05/2023 [Séminaire DiLiS] - The effect of personal network structures on patterns of language change: the case of Paamese, Vanuatu
14h00-15h30
MSH-LSE, salle Elise Rivet (hybride)
Conférence de :

dans le cadre DILIS

Link
https://cnrs.zoom.us/j/94083009678?pwd=dzZjbE1KSHZQdElSNEhYVnVYUHl4dz09

Abstract

Does language adapt to its environment? One of the most influential hypotheses of language adaptation – often referred to as the Linguistic Niche Hypothesis (Lupyan & Dale 2010) – proposes an explanation of linguistic diversity that is based on mechanisms of cognitive pressures associated with social dynamics. It claims that if we know the size of an ethnolinguistic community, and the proportion of adult second language learners in a population, we can predict the morphological complexity of a language. The hypothesis is based on the logic that L2 speakers rely more on lexical storage and less on combinatorial processing of morphologically complex words than speakers who learned the same language as their first (Silva & Clahsen 2008, Clahsen et al. 2010), which makes the paradigms of highly inflected languages difficult to learn for adults (i.e., the cognitive pressure).  

However, what is crucially missing from all investigations that have addressed the question of language adaptation is a level of granularity that would come close to capturing the complexity of the two core predictors: the measures for the environmental pressures (i.e., social dynamics) and the measures for cognitive pressures (i.e., the language learning profiles of speakers). Aside from demographic estimates, there is simply no primary data available, which would come close to capturing the structural complexity of social dynamics. Such methods exist in Network Science, they have just never been integrated into models aiming to account for the structural evolution of language. The measures for cognitive constraints are also very coarse. In the current state-of-the-art, speakers of a language are divided into L1 vs. L2 speakers. This binary categorization cannot accurately reflect how the diversity of learning profiles varies in ways that may impact language structure. Yet precise measures of a speaker’s learning profile are well established in the field of heritage language and multilingualism with instruments like the LEAP-Q (Kaushanskaya, Blumenfeld, & Marian 2020). The LEAP-Q provides fine-grained indexes of a speaker’s patterns of language use and exposure at various life stages and in various contexts (e.g., degree and type of language used at home vs. at school).

I will present the methodological implementation of the first study that integrates the strength of Personal Network Analysis with methods from Multilingual Language Acquisition to address questions of language change. This study was performed with 120 speakers of Paamese, Vanuatu who participated in a behavioural experiment, where they were asked to produce linguistic descriptions of various events prompted by animated elicitation stimuli. I will also present the preliminary results of this study, which seem to indicate that the variation of the morphosyntactic complexity of the linguistic descriptions can be explained by variables pertaining to the structure of the participant’s personal network in combination with their language learning profile. For example, participants with a fragmented personal network structure combined with a low exposure to Paamese in childhood, are more likely to produce morphosyntactically reduced possessive structures.

I will take these preliminary results to start a discussion of a broader scope and argue that these preliminary findings bring support to the hypothesis that language adapt to its environment (Nölle et al. 2020, Trudgill 2010, Nettle 2012). Furthermore, I will argue that the integration of Personal Network Analysis into models of language evolution has the potential to help the field make more accurate predictions about the rates and directions of language change.

References

Clahsen, Harald, Felser, Claudia, Neubauer, Kathleen, Sato, M., & Silva, R. 2010. Morphological structure in native and non-native language processing. Language learning, 60(1), 21-43.

Kaushanskaya, M., Blumenfeld, H. K., & Marian, V. (2020). The language experience and proficiency questionnaire (leap-q): Ten years later. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 23(5), 945-950.

Lupyan, Gary, & Dale, Rick. 2010. Language structure is partly determined by social structure. PloS one, 5(1), e8559.

McCarty, C., Lubbers, M. J., Vacca, R., & Molina, J. L. (2019). Conducting personal network research: A practical guide. Guilford Publications.

Nettle, Daniel. (2012). Social scale and structural complexity in human languages. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London B: Biological Sciences, 367(1597), 1829–1836.

Nölle, Jonas, Fusaroli, Riccardo., Mills, Gregory J., & Tylén, Kristian. 2020. Language as shaped by the environment: linguistic construal in a collaborative spatial task. Palgrave Communications, 6(1), 1-10.

Silva, Renita, & Clahsen, Harald. 2008. Morphologically complex words in L1 and L2 processing: Evidence from masked priming experiments in English. Bilingualism: Language and Cognition, 11(2), 245-260

Trudgill, Peter (2011). Sociolinguistic typology: Social determinants of linguistic complexity. Oxford University Press

 


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mer. 10/05/2023 De la parole à la cognition incarnée: une vision sensorimotrice du langage
14h
MSH, salle M. Bloch
Soutenance d'habilitation à diriger des recherches de  : Véronique Boulenger


jeu. 11/05/2023 DENDY'n Science
Links between linguistic, motor and neural rhythms — implication for remediation and second language acquisition
(provisional title)
10h30-12h
MSH-LSE, salle Frossard et Visio
Conférence de :
  • Corine Astésano (Université Toulouse Jean Jaurès, Laboratoire de NeuroPsychoLinguistique)

dans le cadre DENDY

Lien pour la visio : https://cnrs.zoom.us/j/99690214434?pwd=Nk5nQll5d1pGMlR0SEVIV24xeEtRUT09


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mar. 16/05/2023 Atelier de langue : Langue des Signes Française (LSF)
10h-12h
Ennat Léger MSH-LSE
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mar. 16/05/2023 Réunion Interne
Réunion Axe DENDY (membres permanents uniquement)
14h-16h
MSH-LSE, salle Frossard
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mar. 23/05/2023 [Séminaire DiLiS] Outils musicologiques à disposition des terrains linguistiques : exemples en zone A Bantu Afrique Centrale Atlantique et en austronésien (East 'Uvea)
14h00-15h30
MSH-LSE, salle Frossard (hybride)
Conférence de :
  • Raymond MAYER

dans le cadre DILIS

Orateur / Speaker:
Raymond Mayer (Université franco-gabonaise Saint-Exupéry, Libreville, Gabon)
Zoom:
https://cnrs.zoom.us/j/91231506237?pwd=cWxZZHBreTRJc2xvU2ZKVjlFMDdTdz09

Résumé / Abstract
L’association de techniques ethnomusicologiques à des terrains linguistiques conduit au minimum à des innovations d’ordre méthodologique, mais parfois aussi d’ordre épistémologique, dans la mesure où sont remises en cause certaines techniques standardisées d’analyse des formes et contenus d’expression linguistique dans des cultures non occidentales. La démonstration en est proposée sur deux études de cas, l’une d’un langage tambouriné dans une langue bantu (A75) d’Afrique centrale Atlantique, l’autre d’un langage gestué dans une langue austronésienne (EUV) de la Polynésie de l’ouest. Par-delà l’intérêt typologique auquel renvoient ces études, sont explicitées certaines conditions d’analyse de langages non verbalisés ou sur-verbalisés.

Combining ethnomusicology with linguistics may lead to new methodological techniques, but also to new epistemological break throughs, as some non-Western linguistic expressions are not adequately evidenced through current conceptual analysing. This will be demonstrated with two studies : one related to the drumming language evidenced in the A75 Bantu language of Equatorial Africa, the other to the dance kinemic language elicited in East’Uvea as a cultural marker of West Polynesia. These two typological reviews allow us to articulate new ways to build adequate operational concepts in fields and theories.


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jeu. 25/05/2023 Las oclusivas aspiradas en los Llanos Orientales: Un cambio diacrónico en curso
10h-11h30
MSH-LSE, salle A. Bollier
Conférence de :
  • David Ginebra

dans le cadre DILIS

This is a dry run session for the poster I'll be presenting at the Amazonicas conference (Bogota, Colombia, 5-9 june 2023). I'll discuss how the series of aspirated stops are evolving to their fricative counterparts, with data recently collected on the field. I'll also show how this pattern can also be found in other Guahiban languages and in genetically unrelated languages in the same area (Saliban, Pumé, Tinigua). Since I'm preparing to participate in a posters session, I'll briefly explain what my poster is about (5-10 minutes), but most part of the session should be devoted to discussion, as this is also what I'm expecting to find at the conference. Feedback about the content, layout, expression, and any other topic will be very welcome. The poster is in Spanish, but my initial presentation will probably be in English, and questions and answers can be in the language you prefer (as long as I understand it).


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